Christophe Reuter, spokesperson for the Ministry of Mobility and General public Functions in Luxembourg—a little country (pop. 639,000) that is now approximately three years into its cost-free-fare policy—conveys similar sentiments. “In quick, when it comes to [transport] method change, top quality is vital,” he claims. “If a poor cafe designed its meals free of charge, it would not bring in clients from other eating places, but only individuals who could not find the money for likely to any restaurant at all.”

There is also the critical query around funding. Mezghani points out that although fares may perhaps be ‘free’ for the user, “They should be paid out in some way—whether that is by taxation, by the operator or network, by the city—the provider need to be funded.”

Professionals say that, in the end, a lot more need to be carried out to correctly convert car drivers to community transit, like